Ludwig Van Beethoven Essays (1001 words) - Music, Classical Music

Ludwig Van Beethoven Beethoven For many people, Ludwig Van Beethoven is considered the greatest composer who ever lived and is the highest level of musical geniuses. His compositions are the expression of one of the most powerful musical personalities of all time which he exceeded above average in both areas of Classical and Romantic labeling. Beethoven was born in Bonn, Germany, December 16, 1770, and was baptized on December 17. His father, Johann, was a singer employed by the Elector of Cologne in Bonn. Johann married Maria Magdalena Laym, a cooks daughter. Together they had seven children of which three sons survived, Beethoven was the oldest (Colliers Encyclopedia, Beethoven). When Johanns career was threatened by alcoholism, he saw his chance to get rich by exploiting his son Beethoven as a child prodigy. He claimed Beethoven was years younger than he actually was, neglected his formal education, and made him practice his music endlessly. His attempt to get rich was a disaster and probably encouraged the bru sque and withdrawing personality Beethoven developed. Beethoven was a solo pianist and piano teacher when he was in his twenties. He was well known for his temperamental nature. He had to abandon his performing career of deafness. By this time, he was well known as a composer and was able to live by the profits of concerts and sale of his works to publishers. He was the most revered composer in all of Europe and regarded as the greatest living example of Romantic, artistic genius (McLeish, pg. 18-19). Sonate Pathetique, Opus 13 was written in 1798 and named by the composer Ludwig Van Beethoven. This Sonate was extremely romantic because of the charged first movement, while the Adagio Movement is sad, yet comforting. The third movement of the Pathetique was considered Rondo. The key of the Adagio Movement is A Flat, the submediant Key of the opening Grave section. The form is a cross between Rondo and Theme and Variations because the A or Main Theme sections have the same melody, but the accompanying parts are varied. Although Beethoven still uses the tonic-dominant relationships to start and end his first section, mm. 1-16, even ending his first theme with a perfect authentic cadence the composer begins to use keys with third relationships. The main theme is in the key of A flat, however the second theme is in the relative minor key of F minor. MM 17-23 are very pivotal in nature and by mm. 23 Beethoven has modulated to the dominant key of E flat major. The remainder of the piece gives the feeling of A flat major, although section c, mm. 36-50. contain many modulations. The coda begins in mm 66-4 through the end and contains a series of V - I cadences. The Adagio of Sonate Pathetique has been compared having a similar melodic structure and affinity of theme to the Adagio of the Ninth Symphony written during the last period almost twenty-five years later. This Adagio movement is in the singing style and demands great emotion from the performer. Although this pa rticular movement was written during Beethovens first period, the great emotion and contemplation, the peace and introspection that characterized his third period seem to be present (McLeish pg. 58-76). Beethoven had a powerful personality that awed everyone. His high-voltage personality coupled with his high-voltage genius, Beethoven was able to live his life on his own terms in everything except his deafness. He was only 5 feet, 4 inches, broad, with a large head, lots of hair, protruding-teeth, a small nose and a bad habit of spitting. He was clumsy, sullen and suspicious, touchy, forgetful, and prone to rages of temper. As a bachelor, he was incredibly messy and had no servants because they would not put up with him (Schonberg, pg. 110-111). In 1802 Beethoven was told his deafness was incurable. This knowledge caused a violent change in his character which brought about a big change in his music. The boisterousness of his youth turned into a mature artist pondering and placing e ach effect. Many of Beethovens most popular works date from this time. The Emperor Piano Concerto, the Violin Concerto, the Third to Seventh Symphonies, the Razumovsky were composed at this

buy custom Community Health Assessment essay

buy custom Community Health Assessment essay The community of Flatbush has experienced many challenges in relation to the health of its residents. The diversity of the community in Flatbush presents different health challenges as a result of diverse cultures and beliefs. In carrying out this community assessment I applied the framework of community as a partner model that was developed by Betty Neuman. It consists of studying the aspects of the community and the different lines of prevention. This categorizes the community core, the community subsystems and perceptions. This model looks at the three lines of defence for the community and the nursing functions as the necessary components in the well being of a community. The challenges to the well being of the community are identified using this model and proper care system is proposed to the people in the town. There is evidence that the community is not well informed about the positive health practices; hence I would attribute the health challenges being faced by the community of Flatbush to the lack of education on health issues and proper health policies by the Government. Good health education is primary to good health care as well as a good health care system assures citizens of good health care (Kongstvedt,2003). Community Core Flatbush is a community of the Borough of Brooklyn which is part of New York City. It is mostly inhabited by foreigners and this means that it has a diverse culture since its residents a mainly from neighbouring countries and also overseas. The youths are the largest age group followed by the Adults and the children below the age of sixteen then the old aged. Most of the people in Flatbush are immigrants from different countries hence the diverse nature of the community. It has a population of approximately 316, 700 residents. It can be translates to 82,161 people per square mile. Most of the population lives above poverty levels. The population has both working class and middles class residents and the housing features are apartment buildings in rows. It is recorded that out of the 316,700 residents of Flatbush 28 percent are in the age bracket of zero to seventeen years and the largest being those between the ages of twenty five to forty four years. They represent thirty percent of the Flatbush population. Those in the age of forty five to sixty four are twenty two prcent of the total population and the age group of sixty five and above are only nine percent. Seventy seven percent of Flatbush residents are black followed by nine percent which is representing the whites and the Hispanic who are also nine percent. The other races are Asians who are only two percent and others representing the three percent. This brings us to the point that fifty one percent of the Flatbush community residents were born outside the United States. Most of the residents of Flatbush who are above twenty five years have completed some college and poverty levels are not so high. The community is Christian mostly and there are establishments of Adventist church and redeemed churches. There is also the Orthodox Jewish community (NYC health, 2003). This short analysis of the community of Flatbush translates a picture of a highly youthful population that is educated and having a fun loving lifestyle. This can be the best explanation of the high levels of Sexually Transmitted Infections that have been recorded by the Bureau of Sexually Transmitted Diseases control department. The number of people who are contracting these diseases is on the rise and it is at an alarming rate (NYC health, 2003). The assessment also revealed a problem of access to prenatal care by pregnant women. This has led to the birth of babies who are having low birth weight. The results of babies who are born with low birth weight are the persistent problems they experience during their childhood for example Asthma. The health of children is one of the most delicate areas in the medical practice. The children in Flatbush face many health problems and dangers. For example lead poisoning. It is a major concern for many practitioners and it affects the physical development of the child and may have an effect on the child all through his or her life. The need to improve the well being of children should be a priority since they cannot decide for themselves. Immunizations programmes conducted in Flatbush are not extensive; that is the services do not reach many children. This leaves many more not able to access the very important immunizations. This leaves them vulnerable and heir health is totally at risk ( NYC health, 2003). The assessment also found out that a big population of Flatbush adults were obese. Since more than half of the population was not involved in physical activity of anny form it is apparent that this was likely to cause heart problems in the long run and also there were notable cases of cancer. Tobacco was cited as one of the substances that were over used in Flatbush. The continuous use of Tobacco results to cancer. The high death rates recorded in Flatbush were as a result of heart diseases. This was an indication that more adults were dying as a result of problems that could be avoided (McGoy, 2004). The assessment was an eye opener to the loopholes in the health care system. They are posing a great danger to the residents of Flatbush by exposing them to imminent dangers and health problems and forcing them to budget more on health. Hiv/Aids are recorded to be low whereas Substance abuse is average. Alcohol consumption is also on the rise. This may be the possible cause of the rise in obese cases. Other ailments are not considered to be a problem since they are quite recorded in low levels. The environmental quality does not affect the residents health that much. There are low levels of pollution (McGoy, 2004). The community deaths are mostly caused by cancer, heart disease but many people die below the age of seventy five years. This is considered premature death. It can be attributed to the behavioural health of the community for example tobacco smoking, lack of regular physical activities to keep the body healthy and many more health problems. Cancer claims nineteen percent of the deaths where ad heart disease claims sixteen percent. Other factors such as crime, accidents, homicides and other diseases in general claim about thirty eight percent while prenatal conditions and Hiv/Aids related cases claim eight and ten percent respectively (NYC health, 2003). An analysis of the health challenges that the residents of Flatbush face, it is evident that it is possible to either reduce the levels of the health problems to a minimal rate or completely eradicate these problems. The tools that were used in the analysis were: A set of questionnaires were provided to a given number of the residents of Flatbush. The questions answered were a source of information Focus groups were also formed in order to get information from a broad perspective. Information was also from the department of health and community health profile magazine. Buy custom Community Health Assessment essay

Recruitment and Selection Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Recruitment and Selection - Research Paper Example he importance of effective recruitment process by envisioning the recruitments process in the organizational cultures thereby ensuring that an organization has a steady supply of qualified human resources. The recruitment process begins with the analysis of a job opening. This requires the human resource management must analyze the roles and responsibilities of the position thereby developing an effective recruitment process. The analysis should inform such features as the academic qualifications of the applicant, experiences and age among other pertinent issues that affect the productivity of employees in organization. This way, the human resource manager understands the features to look for in an individual during the recruitment process. After carrying out an effective analysis of the job position, the human resource manager begins to source for applicants. This relies on the ability of the manager to increase the awareness of the vacancy within a target population. Managers can advertise the position on mainstream media and carry out effective networking in order to attract the prospective employees. Managers thus carry out interviews among other assessment techniques to determine the appropriate employees from the numerous applicants. Such assessment techniques provide managers with appropriate platforms to interact with tea applicants thereby corroborate the claims that the applicants make in their cover letters and resumes. The process makes it possible for managers to interrogate the applicant and determine their motivations for the job and qualifications to hold such positions (Hill & Jones, 2011). This implies that the managers must have the ability to recognize the specific features in the applicants thereby recruit appropriate individuals. The panel of interviewees investigate interpersonal skills, communication abilities and grooming in order to recruits the individuals who can represent the organization in different capacities. The desire to

Philosophy Nr.2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Philosophy Nr.2 - Essay Example Therefore, it is essential to have social discipline in any society. Individualism is the basic principle on which the societies of the present age are founded. Every person wishes to procure, whatever he feels that he is eligible to obtain. In this manner, the individualist theory of justice has been transformed into a crucial collective theory of the present age (Aron 26). In instances, wherein individual distinction prevails in society; the principle of collective consciousness, which is controlled by mechanical solidarity, remains in existence. Values, sentiments and morals should be the same for all the people. In cases, where these common principles are impaired, society will be exposed to the danger of disintegration (Aron 26). Individualism in Europe chiefly emerged on the basis of the thoughts of John Stuart Mill and Friedrich Nietzsche. John Stuart Mill’s renowned essay On Liberty, declared that individuals should exercise sovereignty over their mind and body. Nevertheless, he was convinced that his ideology did not subscribe to the selfish ideas, propounded by Adam Smith. He believed that individuals should have the freedom to investigate moral, religious, and feminist ideas (Individualism). As such, Mill focused on personal freedom, which he considered indispensable, for achieving the greatest good of the greatest numbers. According to Mill, individual dignity depends on personal freedom (Individualism). Ultimately, this would lead to the exploration of the unconventional ideas. The individual was viewed by Plato and Aristotle, as a social and political being. In the Republic, Plato contended the state was responsible for molding the individual psyche, via its educative and socializing functions. He also promoted the views of Socrates, who stated that dialogue between the people, led to the formation of a knowledge base and principles of virtue and morality among them. (Self and

How to write a professional resume Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

How to write a professional resume - Essay Example This is a very important document that is used in different organizations for selection as well as recruitment purposes of the employees. A professional resume is carefully designed and the layout is catchy such that it helps the reader to grasp all the necessary information about a person without any hassle. A close analysis of the resume for Paul DiCicco shows that a resume is a document that contains important information about a prospective job candidate. Firsts and foremost, it can be noted that a resume is focused and it does not meander in as far as the subject matter is concerned. For instance, the name of the candidate as well as personal contact details are presented on top of the information. This makes the document visible such that it can be read clearly by any person without labouring to access the information needed about a candidate. Professional resume writing requires considerable effort as well as practice since this document determines the chances of success or fa ilure of the prospective job seeker in his endeavour to secure employment in a certain organization. Another important consideration when writing a resume is that a short career summary should be inserted at the beginning of the resume. This helps to describe the job applicant and it also gives information about the prospective candidate. A potential employer can easily read the resume and he can gain insight about the qualities of the person applying for a certain position in the company. Information about the candidate is written in a brief and clear manner such that it can be understood by any person who has browed the resume. The main purpose of writing a brief summary is that it captures all important details about a job applicant without presenting unnecessary details that may congest the document. Potential employers do not have time to read all details about a candidate on a resume since they go through hundreds of resumes on a daily basis. It is therefore important to captu re the attention of a potential employer through designing a resume in a professional manner. Professional experience The other important consideration when writing a resume is related to professional experience. As shown in the resume for Paul DiCicco, it can be seen that the section for professional experience should contain important information about the job candidate such as the period he has done the same type of work. This helps the employer to evaluate the capability of the job applicant’s potential of performing the same task should he be hired to fill the vacant post. This section also helps the employers to screen the number of candidates vying for the same post since the resume contains information about experience possessed by different individuals. This section of the resume also helps the employer to evaluate if he is dealing with the right candidate. In most cases, work experience is very important since helps the employer to save money in as far as training a nd development of the employee is concerned. The number of years in terms of experience is also very important when writing a resume. This helps the employer to select the right person who has knowledge in the work being offered. Education This is one of the most important sections of a resume. This section is presented in a reverse chronological order, that is from top to bottom. The highest level of education or qualification is presented on top and this is followed by other less important qualifications in order of the years they were obtained. When recruiting candidates for certain posts within an organization, the employers are more interested in the professional qualifications of the person involved. These

The Modern Theory Of Business Strategy Business Essay

The Modern Theory Of Business Strategy Business Essay Strategizing is much more than just visioning, forecasting, planning and reviewing. In the new rapidly changing economy, all important tasks of strategy have been redefined as issues of implementation. These days strategizing is concerned with the match between the internal capabilities of the company and its external environment. The modern subject of business strategy is a set of analytic tools techniques for understanding better, and so influencing, a companys position in its actual and potential marketplace. As strategy today is a subject of application; the obvious key disciplines for strategy are economics and organizational culture. One needs to employ them to define a structure in which the process of strategy formulation and its implementation are bound together. Putting it simply, strategy refers to the technique or direction one would adopt in achieving a certain objective. For business purposes, objectives are usually more precisely defined using numerical values 10% increase in sales in the next year could be an example of a business objective (sales). Objectives differ depending upon the conditions one may find himself in and therefore would result in the adoption of varied strategies. Business strategy refers to the combined strategies of single business firm or a strategic business unit (SBU) in a diversified corporation. A firm must devise a business strategy that incorporates either cost leadership, differentiation or focus and the like in order to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage and long-term success in its areas or industries. 1b) How strategy can be constructed and carried out effectively, even by small businesses? There could be political strategies, business strategies, social strategies and so on. It is nothing but natural for strategies to differ in matter but they all share some common issues that get addressed in the process. So, in order to work on strategic substance it is imperative to understand the issues that need to be answered in our strategic choices. Firstly, strategies are to be thought of in long term basis. Strategies are formed keeping in mind the vision of an organization that helps further decide the direction to be taken. Vision is basically the broad reason for an organizations existence. This being the first structural block. Secondly, strategies are formulated under the characteristics of an organizations strengths and weaknesses. The resources and competencies of a firm help define and shape the variety of strategic choices available to the management to choose from. This forms the second major structural block and alongside the first lays the basic foundation for strategy formation. The rest is basically a web where we need to analyse the current domain of the organizations activities and possible future expansion, the culture of the organization, the values and expectations of stakeholders, the operational and business environment and the competition. Once this analysis is done, strategies can be derived that help to provide a competitive advantage in the current environment after considering its expected future outcome. This aspect is very important as strategies cannot be altered time and again. They should keep room for a little change as they have to stand the test of time and therefore need to be aligned correspondingly to dynamic business environments. To sum it up, strategies are essentially long term choices of an organization that define the manner in which competitive advantage shall be obtained, alongside the fulfillment of stakeholders expectations, within the boundaries of the organizations strengths and weaknesses. Evidently, the process of developing strategies is a tedious one and requires concrete analysis of many inter-related factors. It is extremely complex and has an inherent uncertainty about its conception. However, a careful analysis of the business environment including that of competitors can greatly reduce this complexity. As a strategy developer one has to be in harmony with the vagueness of the opportunity costs for a particular strategic choice and once decided, should focus entirely on the chosen strategic direction. All actions are linked to the strategy of the organization and hence a thorough analysis of various direct and indirect factors is critical to its success. The most important strategic choice a small organization can make is prepare to do battle with the future, which includes five steps. Step 1: Anticipate both threats and windows of opportunities for the vision and mission of the organization. Step 2: Decide how to react to these emerging threats and opportunities. Step 3: Identify the source from which those risks and opportunities will come from. Step 4: Identify when the risks will hit or if the opportunity is really valuable. Step 5: Execute necessary actions to mitigate the threats or take advantage of the opportunities. Strategic planning for a small business doesnt have to be as formal, or as detailed as with a large company. The most important step to take is to strike up a discussion with your customers, employees, vendors, investors, and do your homework about your competitors. It helps to talk about your strategy with a partner, advisor, or trusted consultant to reduce ambiguity and bring some focus to your mind around the strategic issues that could impact your business in the future. The biggest mistake a small business owner can do for his organization is, be unprepared or surprised by unfolding future events. Even if he simply thinks things through in his mind and then briefly share his strategic choices or decisions with his employees, he will be ahead of the curve and enabling people to understand how they can connect with his strategy. For a small business working toward a strategic plan the one thing that can make a lot of difference is to commit all the strategic decision to paper. This is one move ahead of many of its competitors. Inviting the strongest employees to respond to the strategic issues, concerns and getting them involved so they feel some ownership in this simple process brings a clear and thorough insight into the strategic planning. Arranging a strategy adaptation meeting with all hands twice a year for a couple of hours to clarify the direction, make adjustments and respond to questions is yet another time-proven way of facing the changing business demographics. The strategic analysis should look at six aspects of the business. The customers: Figure out who your customers are now, who they will be in the future, how they are changing, and what they will want in the future. The people and talent: What skills and capabilities will be needed to address the threats and opportunities? How many people, what kind of new roles will be needed, how will peoples roles change in the future to handle the threats and grab the opportunities? Will the organization grow and are we developing the leadership to manage the changes coming? The Suppliers and Vendor: Can they give you what will be required to meet future challenges? Are there new offerings that can help you resolve your particular business issues? The Competitors: Who are the players in your market? What are the strengths they possess? How can you take advantage of their vulnerabilities with your unique capabilities? The Products and Services: Are you preparing something new and value added for your customers or users which enable them to be more productive? The Organizational infrastructure technology: What will the organization need to do differently in the future to keep up with new and emerging customers? Are you using technology to improve productivity? Strategy really isnt rocket science; rather it is a common sense and a willingness to ask some challenging questions and bringing the workable answers. Be willing to think it through, communicate with others, and solicit additional perspectives. Writing down the conclusions and sharing them with the rest of the organization. Lastly, issuing a call to work on strategic action each day to compliment the routine tactical work that has to be done to pay the bills and meet current obligations. All of the above help the small business stay ahead of the curve. 1c) The value of using key analytical tools to help in the strategy-making process Strategic Analysis This is all about analysing the strength of position of business and understanding the important external factors that may influence that position. The process of Strategic Analysis can be helped by a number of tools, including: PEST Analysis a technique for understanding the environmentin which a business operates [See Appendix A for details] Porters Five Forces Analysis a technique for identifying the forces which affect the level of competition within an industry [See Appendix A for details] Competitor Analysis a broad range of techniques and analysis that seeks to summarise a businessesoverall competitive position Critical Success Factor Analysis a technique to identify those key areas in which a business must outperform the competition in order to succeed SWOT Analysis a useful summary technique for summarising the key issues arising from an assessment of a businesses internalposition and externalenvironmental influences. Analytical methods and tools are key to ensuring that consistency and an appropriate level of rigour is applied to the analysis. The aim of the analytical tool is to intensify the focus of the analysis and to ensure a methodical and a balanced approach. All analytical tools rely on historical and statistical data to extrapolate future assumptions. It is important to exercise caution when interpreting strategic analysis results. Otherwise the analysis may be influenced by preconceived notions within the organisation which seek to validate a particular strategic assumption. One of the key skills of a strategic analyst is in understanding which analytical tools or techniques are most appropriate to the objectives of the analysis. One of the most common analytical tool used in devising a business strategy is SWOT Analysis SWOT Analysis A SWOT analysis is a simple but widely used tool that helps in understanding the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats involved in a project or business activity. It starts by defining the objective of the business activity and identifies the internal and external factors that are important to achieving that objective. strengths and weaknesses are usually internal to the organisation, while opportunities and threats are usually external. Often these are plotted on a simple 22 matrix. Strengths à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ What does your organisation do better than others? à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ What are your unique selling points? à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ What do your competitors and customers in your market perceive as your strengths? à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ What is your organisations competitive edge? Opportunities à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ What political, economic, social-cultural, or technology (PEST) changes are taking place that could be favourable to you? à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Where are there currently gaps in the market or unfulfilled demand? à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ What new innovation could your organisation bring to the market? Weakness à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ What do other organisations do better than you? à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ What elements of your business add little or no value? à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ What do competitors and customers in your market perceive as your weakness? Threats à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ What political, economic, social-cultural, or technology (PEST) changes are taking place that could be unfavourable to you? à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ What restraints to you face? à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ What is your competition doing that could negatively impact you? 2) Based on the case study, carry out an analysis of Making It Bigs: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ strengths and weaknesses, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ opportunities and threats Strengths Making It Big has had wonderful years over the past couple of years. For the last 10 years MIB enjoyed steady average sales increase of 12%. This was made possible due to the fact that Cynthia, the owner of the business, contributed significant amount of her time and effort to keep the cash flow running. Cynthia learned the whole trade of a business at an early age and rode on the surge of the feminism movements. She was already mentally prepared and economically challenged to take on the risky path of setting up her own venture. Her earlier stint with Cheap Frills also enabled her to learn the tricks of trade and get really close to the suppliers, manufacturers, whole-sellers and customers. This proved to be a foundational platform that let her project her thoughts and evaluate an opportunity that can be filled. Hence, the birth of Making It Big took place. This opportunity was plus-size clothing manufacturing selling business. It was only possible for her to evaluate and pick such an opportunity because she was able to put herself in the shoes of the her potential customers. She, being a female and a fat one at that, helped her empathize her customers and bring to them a product that can truly add value to their lives. Besides, she had personal beliefs of strengthening fat women. For that she had to attend various seminars, feminism conferences, fashion shows and other such social events to market her clothing collection of the season as well as learning more about the reservations of her customers. She had to use these platforms to raise awareness and to strengthen the fat category of female population to lead a normal life. This step of approaching a new customer bracket is always risky and frought with FUD phenomena among customers. FUD phenomena also known as Fear, Uncertainty, Doubt, leaves a whole set of problems of manufacturin g, marketing and selling for the niche to be addressed. It also turned out in the very beginning that no manufacturer is willing to accept orders to custom make plus-sized ladies garments for a new venture. To overcome these challenges, Cynthia needed a partner, an expert in the area of ladies garments manufacturing, a dedicated sales person, a manufacturing facility, long list of suppliers, transporters, sewing staff and other office personnel. Moreover, she was also supposed to raise awareness and market her products to the category of fat women who usually stay indoor. One of her strengths played in the initial stages of her setup was a brilliant discovery of an expert seamstress as a contractor who helped MIB hire/train more such experts. This solved a major issue of getting the staff ready to take on the challenges that may lay ahead. It has been observed over years that staffing alone can take running businesses down if care is not taken and successful businesses have always invested largely on human resources functions. Therefore Cynthia focused on selecting and grooming a culture among employees who were hard-working and committed individuals. This strengthened the confidence of MIBs management on employees performance especially during times of tight money supply. This enables management to take sound decisions and face competition without fear of being wiped out. Another factor that improved the success rate of MIB tremendously was that Cynthia had two parallel businesses Cheap Frills and MIB running in parallel; with one complementing the other. In such circumstances, its easy to loose sight of the direction due to the division of owners attention. However, Cynthia managed it well and had highly motivated staff to take care of both of her businesses. This helped Cynthia maintain a healthy level of cash flow and also to acquire short-term credit from financial institution. Since, the two businesses were identical therefore there was also some overlap in their customers. Later on, when Cynthia dissolved one of her business, Cheap Frills, she was not only able to generate cash on liquidating its assets but she also converted it to MIBs warehouse. In short, running two businesses had a symbiotic relationship not parasitic and when she sold one of them it benefited the other even more. When it comes to manufacturing, MIB also met with a good luck in that it developed a product line that could carry over the season and still look new item because of different colors. This helped MIB manage SKUs and inventory at the very early stages of manufacturing. This also streamlined MIBs manufacturing processes so that the owner-manager could divert her attention on the more pressing tasks of sales and marketing. Another strength that MIB was successfully able to capitalize on was the idea of using various marketing channels; retail store ads, catalog for mail-in orders and a comprehensive website. Especially, when it comes to mail-in orders, Cynthia used a very unconventional approach of reaching out to the customer segment of fat women. This approach let MIB reach true potential customers, read fat women, rather than shot-gunning all the housholds in the area for search of potential customers. This caused MIB to develop strong relationship with new customers and repeat sales were possible apart from saving tremendous amounts of marketing budgets for a yet growing MIB. Weaknesses One of the biggest weaknesses that was figured out for MIB is the improvisational style of business that cannot cope with change. This style, although good for executing short-term goals while maintaining a tight grip on cash flow, is difficult to adapt to changing external factors. Cynthia, being the owner-manager, did not have a business degree to start with. She was working on her business purely through determination and intuition. This can bring short-term success but to really succeed in the global scale and expand the business beyond the territorial boundaries, one has to endeavour into the realm of experimentation and critical analysis of the various medium-term strategies and its market acceptance. Secondly, Cynthias partner Janet wasnt contributing much in the early days of MIB as a business startup. Although, she provided the much needed cash other financial help but she lacked dedication. This naturally led Cynthia to take on the role of both the partners and hence the role of strategist in MIB was lost forever. Had Janet been taking care of some of the daily sales and marketing matters then Cynthia would be in a better shape to use the above mentioned analytical tools to provide regular insight into business and the way to look forward to. This lack of strategic planning skills among the top management of MIB caused sales growth to come to stall. Another weakness cited in the case study was that MIB was serving a niche market. Niche markets are always a headache for sales and marketing professional. Customers, fat women staying indoors, were hard to find and their buying patterns, no prior experience or passion of shopping, caused MIB to look for alternate channels of marketing. The case study also points to a claim by industry experts that most retailers dont know how to sell to larger or fat customers. The reason for that was the buying behaviour of those customers in that those women were not working due to their hesitation of the social gathering in general. Thus those women were confined to the indoors and therefore they have to approached within the boundaries of their household. Even though MIB tried various marketing channels but they were still not their. The financial figures show that most of their sales were within their base state, California, and thus there was a huge market outside their base state that still needs to be accessed. Lastly, the case study reveals that MIB employees are over-worked so there is a chance of them leaving MIB despite of their loyalty. This problem is not limited to the leaving of managers only but also to all of the staff members within the organisation. Every year, industry experts quote a huge replacement cost associated with an employee. Therefore its in the best interest of firms to provide enough benefits and compliant human resource policies to retain existing employees. It has also been observed that small firms often make the mistake of not hiring enough employees matching the increase in their business activity. This ultimately leads to employees being overworked and eventually leaving the firm for one of their competitor with better work ethics. The weakness has also been found in MIBs case. Opportunities There are a lot of opportunities that MIB can exploit to project its sales and come out as a successful firm in the long run. In the very early days of MIB setting up its business, Cynthia developed a small line of credit with a bank to improve growth and opportunity. This is very important to enable a startup fulfill the orders that are beyond the financial capacity of the firm. This immediate or sometimes seasonal surge in sales can only be managed by taking short-term loans. MIB easily managed this opportunity and was able to keep sales growing at a steady rate of 12% over 10 years. Another opportunity that knocked on the MIBs door was the fact that Cynthia had no familiarity with mail-order business rules. Those rules were in fact good for marketing of only general household products but MIB was serving a niche market. Had Cynthia invested heavily in a certain mail-order marketing firm, it would have caused severe budgeting problems with no tangible impact on actual sales growth. That niche of a customer segment only stayed indoors and was not very easily approachable. Thus an unconventional approach helped MIB reach its true customers and enable it to cause recurring sales to existing customers. To reach those difficult to find customer, Cynthia regularly attended trade shows to keep up with the trends and new potential customers. This helped her stay in touch with few of her existing customers as well as attract new ones. Since, MIB needed brand awareness and brand recognition all throughout its lifespan apart from saving finances from huge marketing budgets therefore it was prudent to specifically target the potential customers in such events. Cashing on this opportunity caused MIB to stick in this niche marketplace. Another bright opportunity that was unveiled was that women plus-size market is growing in 2000s to $47 billion in 2005. MIB being an established player in this market only has to increase its capacity and reach out to customers. This rather unique opportunity that even the statistics agree is hard to miss for MIB. Moreover, careful strategic planning and evaluation of the outcome can result in tremendous growth of MIB in the years to come. Another NPD groups survey revealed 35% adult Americans as overweight and 26% as obese, 60% women wear 12 plus size and 16% teenage girls are overweight. This revelation is proof enough for Cynthia to invest in finding the right mix of short-term and long-term strategies to boost its sales and in the process increase market share. Thus there are ample growth opportunities that MIB needs to cash in and raise its business value. Threats There are numerous threats that were mentioned in the case study. However, how many of these MIB has been able to identify and take necessary steps is what we have yet to see. One of its competitor Charming Shoppes has a huge market share in plus size apparel industry. Charming Shoppes is acquiring its competitors and growing its business annually with billions of sales and thousands of retail outlets. Taking this competitor head on is difficult and unmanageable. However, the more troublesome situation is if Charming Shoppes shows interest in taking over MIB. Not only will this result in doubts among its customers, suppliers and other stakeholders but it will also create an environment of uncertainty among its employees. This will cause reduction in the productivity of its employees internally and loosing its sales instantly externally. This hostile bid may eventually result in Cynthia succumbing to pressure and even agreeing on weaker terms to sales her business to the giant competitor. Another threat that this niche market is facing is that famous brands like Tommy Hilfiger and Old Navy, have also started releasing plus-size women apparel. With big brands entering this market, there is little room for breathing left for smaller players like MIB. IT currently does not carry any brand recognition. Therefore big brands pose a significant threat to the existing sales of MIB. The market leader, Charming Shoppes, is investing heavily on sophisticated MIS to keep detailed profiles of customers and thus refine direct sales. MIB currently does not possess the financial backbone to undertake such a huge task. The best it can do is to hire more effective sales and marketing personnel to increase market reach beyond its base city and state in order to beat the onslaught of the competition. Lastly, as can be seen from its balance sheet that MIB has more business coming from mail-orders and internet. However, it has been observed over the past year by the top management of MIB that mail-orders are decreasing over the past few quarters. Therefore, it needs to immediately look for alternatives to mail-orders in order to keep running a positive cash flow. 3) From your analysis above, write a considered assessment of what needs to be done to develop and strengthen Making It Bigs competencies and capabilities, to the point where the company has a competitive advantage. The SWOT analysis conducted above presents a picture for MIB that if proper steps are not taken immediately, it could risk loosing its business to the competition. The owner-manager, Cynthia, needs to take helm of affairs and be able to come up with a business strategy and a plan to implement it that not only neutralizes all the threats but also drastically contribute to the growth of MIB as an enterprise. One important part of the overall strategy that MIB needs to develop must include augmenting the strength of already hard-working and committed employees in the form of better marketing sales professionals. Care must be taken that the hired marketing personnel are able to launch effective campaigns that can drive sales even in hard economic times. Cynthia herself has not been able to fulfill this role properly and there are currently no one in this position within the organisation. Small business generally do not have the resources ot plan and purchase external advice and support; they are very susceptible to small environmental changes; owner-managers may not have the necessary experience for managing all aspects of a small business; and owner-managers cannot devote a lot of time to consciously working through plans because of day-to-day work pressures. A consequence of this is that owner-managers tend to have a shorter and more functional emphasis on planning. (S. Carter D. Jones-Evans, 2006) Therefore this emphasis on marketing can cause positive change for MIB at large. Another strategic planning that MIB needs to conduct is to look for sales outside the confines of its base city and state of California. Even though MIB is not geared for globalization just yet but it is in a position to dramatically increase its market share as well as its brand recognition by effectively marketing its products in the rest of the states of Americas. MIB has a very strong manufacturing arm and an able manufacturing manager, which can handle increasing the production capacity as well as increase in order processing. Going beyond the psychological boundaries of its base city and state isnt easy. MIB may have to forge new partnerships with garments retailers in other parts of America. This can eventually result in reduction of financial pressure due to marketing and also raise its brand recognition among the new set of customers across the country. It has also been observed that the mail-in orders are decreasing over the last few quarters. This may be because of the increase in the usage of internet based business. MIB needs to invest heavily on generating more business electronically by investing heavily on its e-commerce infrastructure. This will not only prove to be a viable alternative but if executed correctly can give significant boost to the existing sales. Another aspect that Cynthia as an owner of MIB can improve upon is by hiring experienced managers with relevant educational background. It seems that the new hired managers have matching skills and relevant past experience yet they fail to build a sound strategy that can help Cynthia steer the business towards increasing sales. A couple of vocational training courses may not be adequate to make these managers think outside the box. Therefore, MIB needs to invest in hiring seriously strong candidates with relevant qualifications and education. Cynthia needs to take some vocational training as well as management courses to improve her perspective of her business and the market in general. Another aspect clearly missing from the case study as well as Cynthias perspective is that there is no mention of any SWOT analysis done for the MIBs competitors. Without a competitors analysis there can be no strategic planning that can yield significant positive change. 4) How well do you think the tools and techniques for crafting and executing business strategy work for small businesses run by owner-managers with limited resources (including key staff members)? Overtime strategic planning has been evolved into a concept that is commonly considered as the most effective solution to all the business issues. Some businesses follow strategic planning so religiously and focus so much of their energies on their strategic plan that it seems like their primary product. Even though, appropriately executed strategic plans are wonderful. However, they must be taken as a tool of a corporation to achieve its goals, not to make them a goal unto themselves. Most importantly the strategic plans must not take most of the valuable time of employer or employees. Several business ventures also carry a misguided belief that strategic planning is reserved only for large businesses that can afford the effort, time and resources to develop a sound plan. However, a small business intends to compete against the industrial big guns in the marketplace then it is imperative to guess some of their tactics and game plans and strategic planning is a primary component of any successful and large venture. It also does not suggests that a small venture needs all the bells and whistles and the complexity of larger corporations strategic plans. For a working entrepreneur it is possible to devise a good working draft in a matter of hours that is sound enough for the small business to keep on the course to becoming a solid competitor. The original idea of strategic planning is to set up a strategy that a small business is going to follow over a short to medium term of time period. It can be for a specific business unit, like strategizing a production planning strategy, or it can for the whole of a business. Usually its the job of board of directors to set an overall strategy for the whole of business and to execute that high-level strategy each area of the company plans their strategy which is compliant with the overall strategy. Various businesses use various periods of time for the planning of their strategies. Basically, this time period depends on rate of change the industry is going through. In a fast-changing environment for example the internet, devising a 5-year plan is worthless. For slowly changing industries th

Computers In Education :: essays research papers

Computers in Education The typical school has 1 computer per 20 students, a ratio that computer educators feel is still not high enough to affect classroom learning as much as books and classroom conversation. Some critics see computer education as merely the latest in a series of unsuccessful attempts to revolutionise education through the use of audio- and visually-oriented non print media. For example, motion pictures, broadcast television, filmstrips, audio recorders, and videotapes were all initially heralded for their instructional potential, but each of these ultimately became minor classroom tools alongside conventional methods. Communications Satellite A communications satellite is an artificial SATELLITE placed into orbit around the Earth to facilitate communications on Earth. Most long-distance radio communication across land is sent via MICROWAVE relay towers. In effect, a satellite serves as a tall microwave tower to permit direct transmission between stations, but it can interconnect any number of stations that are included within the antenna beams of the satellite rather than simply the two ends of the microwave link. Computer Crime Computer crime is defined as any crime involving a computer accomplished through the use or knowledge of computer technology. Computers are objects of crime when they or their contents are damaged, as when terrorists attack computer centres with explosives or gasoline, or when a "computer virus" a program capable of altering or erasing computer memory is introduced into a computer system. Personal Computer A personal computer is a computer that is based on a microprocessor, a small semiconductor chip that performs the operations of a c.p.u. Personal computers are single-user machines, whereas larger computers generally have multiple users. Personal computers have many uses such as: Word processing, communicating to other computers over a phone line using a modem,databases,leisure games are just some of the uses of a Personal Computer. Computers for Leisure Games As they proliferated, video games gained colour and complexity and adopted the basic theme that most of them still exhibit: the violent annihilation of an enemy by means of one's skill at moving a lever or pushing a button. Many of the games played on home computers are more or less identical with those in video arcades. Increasingly, however, computer games are becoming more sophisticated, more difficult, and no longer dependent on elapsed time a few computer games go on for many hours.

Coke vs PepsiPepsi and Coke’s Uncivil Wars Essay

Chapter 9 in Competition Demystified: Uncivil Cola Wars: Coke and Pepsi Confront the Prisoner’s Dilemma What are the sources of competitive advantages in the soda industry? First we should look at industry structure. The cola companies buy raw materials of sugar, sweeteners and flavorings from many suppliers then they turn the commodities into a branded product which consists of syrup/concentrated combined with water and bottles. The companies are joined at the hip with their bottlers/distributors who then sell to many retail outlets. Selling bulky and heavy beverages lends itself to regional economies of scale advantages. The soda companies cannot operate successfully unless their bottlers and distributors are profitable and content whether company-owned or franchised. The existence of barriers to entry indicates that the incumbents enjoy competitive advantages that potential entrants cannot match. In the soft drink world, the sources of these advantages are easy to identify. First, on the demand side, there is the kind of customer loyalty that network executives, beer brewers and car manufacturers only dream about. People who drink sodas drink them frequently (habit formation), and they relish a constancy of experience that keeps them ordering the same brand, no matter the circumstances. Both Coke and Pepsi exhibit the presence of barriers to entry and competitive advantage—stable *ROE can be influenced by whether bottlers’ assets are off or on the balance sheet Second, there are large economies of scale in the soda business both at the concentrate maker and bottler levels. Developing new products and advertising existing ones are fixed costs, unrelated to the number of cases sold. Equally important, the distribution of soda to the consumer benefits from regional scale economies. The more customers there are in a given region, the more economical the distribution. A bottler of Coke, selling the product to 40% to 50% of the soda drinkers in the market area, is going to have lower costs than someone peddling Dr. Pepper to 5% to 56% of the drinkers. During the â€Å"statesmen† era of Pepsi and Coke, what actions did each of the companies take? Why did they help raise profitability? Note the stability of market share and ROE. ROE dipped in 1980 and 1982 as Pepsi and Coke waged a price war. Yet, market shares did not change as a result of the price war—both companies were worse off. Pepsi gained market share in the late 1970s versus Coke. Coke was slow and clumsy to respond. Price wars between two elephants in an industry with barriers to entry tend to flatten a lot of grass and make customers happy. They hardly ever result in a dead elephant. Still, there are better and worse ways of initiating a price contest. Coke chose the worst. Coke chose to lower concentrate prices on those regions where its share of the cola market was high (80%) and Pepsi’s low (20 percent). This tactic ensured that for every dollar of revenue Pepsi gave up, Coke would surrender four dollars. Coke luckily developed New Coke which allowed it to attack Pepsi in its dominant markets in a precise way—minimizing damage to Coke’s profits–and force a truce in the price wars. They made visible moves to signal the other side that they intended to cooperate. Coca-Cola initiated the new era with a major corporate reorganization. After buying up many of the bottlers and reorganizing the bottler network, it spun off 51% of the company owned bottlers to shareholders in a new entity, Coca-Cola Enterprises, and it loaded up on debt for this corporation. With so much debt to service, Coca-Cola Enterprises had to concentrate on the tangible requirements of cash flow rather than the chimera of gaining great hunks of market share from Pepsi. PepsiCo responded by dropping the Pepsi Challenge, toning down its aggressive advertising and thus signaling that it accepted the truce. Profit margins improved. Operating profit margins went from 10% to 20% for Coca-Cola. Pepsi gain was less dramatic but also substantial. Both companies focused on ROE rather than market share and sales growth. The urge to grow, to hammer competitors and drive them out of business, or at least reduce their market share by a meaningful amount, had been a continual source of poor performance for companies that do have competitive advantages and a franchise, but are not content with it.

The Low Budget Airline Jetstar Asia Airways Tourism Essay Essays

The Low Budget Airline Jetstar Asia Airways Tourism Essay Essays The Low Budget Airline Jetstar Asia Airways Tourism Essay Paper The Low Budget Airline Jetstar Asia Airways Tourism Essay Paper Jetstar Asia Airways is a low-priced budget air hose operating in the Southeast Asiatic part. It is founded by its female parent company Australia s Qantas Airways in 2003. Unlike Jetstar in Australia, Jetstar Asia is bulk Singapore in which a Singapore investing company, Temasek Holdings Limited holds 19 per cent of portions, two Singaporean business communities possess 32 per centum, and the staying 49 per cent of portions belongs to Qantas Group. The company is known as an air hose to offer low menus, all twenty-four hours and every twenty-four hours to South East Asia clients. It has received several valuable awards, such as Best Brand Experience for Low Cost Carrier ( 2006 ) , Best Low Cost Airline, Southeast Asia and Asia ( 2006, 2008 ) , Top 10 Airlines by Passenger Carriage ( 2006, 2007 ) , Best Asiatic Low-Cost Carrier ( 2006, 2007 ) . The first Jetstar Asia Airways flight took off for Hong Kong on December 13, 2004. Jetstar Asia and Valuair Airways Limited were merged on July 22, 2005 ( Jetstar, neodymium ) . With a fleet of seven A320 aircrafts, Jetstar Asia now offers up to 126 hebdomadal flights from Singapore to 17 finishs in 10 Asiatic states. It is be aftering to increase capacity by more three A320 aircrafts by early following twelvemonth and add finishs in India and China. This selling survey aims to supply the Jetstar Asia Airways current selling environment. It will analyze SWOT every bit good as PESTEL to do clearly internal and external selling environment. The study besides discuss about the current market program of Jetstar Asia Airways. From the audit procedure, recommendations will come out for bettering Jetstar Asia Airways selling public presentation in bing competitory air power environment. II. Background Today, planetary air power industry has been divided into three major classs ( Lelieur, 2003 ) . The first class consists of big web bearers, such as United Airlines, American Airlines, and Delta in the United States ; Air France, British Airway, Lufthansa in Europe. The 2nd 1 is the in-between size bearers such as KLM and SAS in Europe. The concluding class is the low cost bearers, such as Jet Blue, Westjet in North America ; Virgin Blue and Australian Airlines in Australia ; Ryanair, EasyJet, and Air Berlin in Europe ; Air Asia, Oasis Hong Kong Airline, Jetsatr Asia Airway, and Tiger Airway in Asia Pacific. Harmonizing to Weiss ( 2008, p.84 ) , Low-cost bearers, besides known as a no frills or price reduction air hoses, offers low menus in exchange for extinguishing many traditional riders services. These air hoses have a lower cost constructions than rivals. They frequently operate a individual rider category and fleet, cut downing preparation and service costs . In recent old ages, the low-priced bearers ( LLCs ) phenomenon has become more popular in air power industry. The low cost air hose concern has experienced surprising growing in term of riders carried and aircraft ordered. LLCs are likely to maintain their monetary value down exhaustively on-line engagement every bit good as supplying the minimal degree of onboard services. They can be seen as a new large success in the universe air hose industry. Harmonizing to OAG s Quarterly Airline Traffic Statistics ( 2007 ) , low cost international flights have increased 20 % twelvemonth by twelvemonth. Asia Pacific witnessed a dramatic growing in low cost sector, with an addition from 3,900 flights and 600,000 seats in 2001 to 61,000 flights and 9.2 million seats in 2007 ( Abacus, 2008 ) . The Asia Pacific low cost market now has accounted for 12 % of all flights and all seats. Many Asiatic states such as Singapore, Malaysia, India has opened up LCCs to attractive a big figure of riders. As an avowal about Jetstar Airways chance, Geoff Dixon, CEO of Qantas Airways Ltd said: We re really confident about the timing of the launch of this air hose. I do nt cognize where other air hoses will stop up but I can guarantee you Jetstar Asia will be about in four old ages clip and will be profitable, so Temasek and our other investors can be confident. ( 2004 ) . Jetstar Asia has announced its gross increases 20 % for the twelvemonth ended 31 March 2008 ( Jetstar, neodymium ) . These proves that low menus has become attract more travelers. The outlook of Jetstar Asia Airways about the universe s largest possible air power market is coming true. 2.2 PEST analysis Plague analysis is a common tool for analyzing an administration s macro-environment to place those factors that might increase the possible for crisis. ( Elliott, Swartz and Herbane, 2002 ) . These include political, economic, societal and technological factors and the analysis examines the impact of each of them on the concern. 2.2.1 Political factors On the August 09, 1965, Singapore left Malaysia Federation and became crowned head, democratic and independent state. In 1967, Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand established the Association of Southeast Asiatic Nations ( Asnic, neodymium ) . From 1970 Singapore is considered as a political stableness state. It has become the comfortable state with a widespread web of trading links. So far, Singapore political stableness has leaded to a high rate of economic growing. As one of Asia most stable economic sciences, many Singapore companies have developed good. Singapore economic has been developing services industries such as wealth direction and touristry, air power industry. Singaporean air hose industry plays a cardinal function in Singaporean economic system. It now includes mainstream Singapore Airlines and two low cost air hoses Tiger Airways and Jetstar Asia Airways. However, September 11th terrorist onslaught event in United States caused important fal ling in going. Besides, the political instability in South East Asia part, such as Thailand, Indonesia, and Malaysia influenced negatively on air power industry in Asia countries. 2.2.2 Economic factors The economic environment consists of factors that affect consumer buying power and disbursement forms . ( Kotler and Armstrong, 2009, p103 ) . These undermentioned analyses will demo how economic factors have an consequence on air power industry. In recent old ages, planetary economic crisis has pushed the trade-service dependent states into worst recession. The universe travel market has besides been affected in this crisis. Harmonizing to International Air Transport Association, due to economic recession, the planetary rider traffic will diminish by 3 % in 2009 and non turning above 4 % until 2011 ( IATA, 2008 ) . Another major factor effects strongly on air hose market, particularly budget air hoses, that is the addition in fuel monetary value. From 2004, the oil monetary value rush was a consequence of three chief factors: increased demand, a little planetary surplus of production capableness, and the fright of supply break. The fuel cost addition caused of 36 % rise of air hose operating costs in 2008. The deathly combination of falling demand and high oil monetary values made a dip of air power industry s profitableness, about losingss of US $ 10.4 billion in 2008. At the same twelvemonth, Asia Pacific air hose industry incurred losingss US $ 300 million ( IATA, 2009 ) . 2.2.3 Social factors Tendencies in societal factors are important constituent of the PEST analysis for air hose industry. Firstly, some factors such as advanced medical commissariats and low ratio at birth have allowed people to populate longer. The mean age of the population has been increasing steadily. Therefore, the merchandises that air hoses offer refering to older and handicapped riders who need aid at airdromes. Besides, traditional household construction has been altering in today modern society. The addition of divorce rate every bit good as figure of one-parent household has become modern-day tendency that travel industry has to make to suit. They can be promotional and merchandise planning policies, which offer to those who are singles or one-parent household. Furthermore, the alterations in the occupation market have impacts for air hose selling policies. Due to work force per unit areas, executives frequently have to do a day-return trip alternatively of two yearss. This has become more of import for short-haul markets. 2.2.4 Technology factors As an advanced engineering, Internet now plays an of import function in air hoses industry. All air hoses have web sites that allow clients to book air ticket online. In doing reserve, clients can besides choose their place. Use of cyberspace in air power industry brings benefits for both air hoses and riders based on cost economy. The application of Simplifying the Business ( StB ) undertaking in about air hoses brings non merely convenience to consumers but besides lower costs to air hoses industry. The undertaking includes electronic-ticketing, Common-Use Self-Service booths, and bar-coded embarkation base on ballss ( BCBP ) . BCBP can be accessed through web sites, booth, and a check-in desk. It will extinguish magnetic-stripe embarkation base on ballss in close hereafter. With PEST analysis as above, selling environment of Jetstar Asia Airways has merely evaluated to see how the company operates in the today altering environment. III. External analysis 1. Micro-environment ( app 1,200 words ) Description of the market Rivals analysis Market size, location, growing and chances Government engagement in the market place 2. Macro-environment 2.1 SWOT analysis A SWOT analysis is an in-depth scrutiny of cardinal factors that are internal ( strengths and failings ) and external ( chances and menaces ) to a concern ( Pinson, 2008, p.33 ) . Strengths are internal capablenesss that may assist a company make its objects. Failings are internal restrictions that may interfere with a company s ability to accomplish its objects. Opportunities are external factors that the company may be able to work to its advantages. Menaces are current external factors that may dispute the company s public presentation. ( Kotler and Armstrong, 2009, p.78 ) . SWOT analysis helps a concern to concentrate on those countries that present the greatest chances and those competences in which it is strongest. That concern look into ways to decrease its failings, develop schemes to get the better of menaces. The undermentioned analysis focuses on Jetstar Asia s SWOT. SWOT ANALYSIS OF JETSTAR ASIA AIRWAYS Internal Strengths Failings Flexible ticket monetary value construction Growth in market portion One type of aircraft Performance Narrow flight finishs. Limited fleet. External Opportunities Menaces Strengthen competitory capableness. Addition in short-haul traveling. Growth in Singapore touristry Addition of fuel monetary value Unpredictable catastrophe factors Swine grippe spread Customers belief. 2.1.1 Strengths Flexible ticket monetary value construction: Jetstar Asia Airways has applied flexible ticket monetary value construction that allows clients can take any sort of ticket, depending on clients demand. Customers can buy which ticket with or without baggage. By this application, Jetstar Asia Airways desires to run into clients diversified demands. Growth in market portion: The Company is traveling to establish its first service into China on December 16, 2009 ( BusinessWeek, 2009 ) . After that, it will offer new finish in India. Furthermore, with 3 extra A320 aircrafts, it will spread out its current capacity by 46 per cent by establishing twice daily services on the Singapore-Phuket path. One type of aircraft: Thankss to working one type of aircraft Airbus A320- Jetstar Asia Airways can salvage cost of fuel ingestion, cost of keeping other aircrafts and cut down cost of staff preparation, taking to take down operation cost. As a consequence, Jetstar Asia Airways can do up competitory advantage to entice more clients by offering low ticket monetary value. Performance: One of the most of import factors impacting clients pick in air hose industry is on-time public presentation. Understand this ; Jetstar has used the computerised Aircraft Communication Addressing and Reporting System ( ACARS ) to guarantee the truth of going clip and arrival clip. In 2008 and 2009, Jetstar s on-time public presentation ever achieved from 92 % to 98 % ( Jetstar, neodymium ) . 2.1.2 Failings Narrow flight finishs: So far, Jetstar Asia Airways has merely exploited its aeronautic paths to 17 finishs across 10 states in Asia Pacific ( Jetstar, neodymium ) . Meanwhile, Tiger Airways has runing with 27 finishs, and Asia Airways has 50 finishs. This can be seen failings of Jetstar Asia in air power competition to achieve clients. Limited fleet: Due to the limited fleet of seven A320 aircrafts, Jetstar Asia Airways has some troubles in spread outing its market portion to new finishs. 2.1.3 Opportunities Jetstar Asia Airways has focused on non merely single riders but besides concern travelers. It has set up several sorts of privilege services for concern travelers to increase figure of riders twelvemonth by twelvemonth. From merely 50 houses in 2004, now Jetstar has 400 corporations going with it ( Baoying, 2009 ) . More and more concerns, even transnational companies, are likely to take low cost air hoses to salvage their concern cost that create possible low cost market for Jetstar Asia Airways and other air hoses. Besides, tendency of short-haul traveling is increasing in figure of Asiatic tourers ; alternatively of long-haul vacations because it enables Asiatic people travel more on a regular basis in twelvemonth. Concentrating on these topics, Jetstar Asia will catch more chances to spread out its market portion. In add-on to this, in Singapore, two incorporate resorts the Marina Bay Sands and Resorts World Sentosa will be opened in 2010. At that clip, figure of traveler visi ts Singapore will increase dramatically. There will be about 15 million visitants coming to Singapore ( integratedresort, neodymium ) . Such general tendencies as mentioned above will convey chance for Singapore air hose industry, including budget air hoses and mainstream air hoses. 2.1.4 Menaces The addition in fuel monetary value over the past few old ages has bad affected on sustainable growing of Jetstar Asia Airways and air power industry. This can be seen an inexplicit menaces to profitableness of air hoses. Furthermore, the spread swine grippe in many parts has affected significantly on air hose going due to the dramatic lessening of travelers. Unpredictable accidents that come from bad conditions or proficient jobs are besides menaces to air hoses. Passengers may waver in taking between budget air hoses and mainstream air hoses because of the safety in budget air hoses. This menace may veto impact on gross revenues of Jetstar Asia. Recommendation Presents, Asian air hoses industry is acquiring more ferociously competitory between budget air hoses and traditional full services air hoses. Furthermore, competition among the outgrowth of Asiatic budget air hoses, such as Air Asia, Tiger Airways and Jetstar Asia has besides become intensely. In order to better the company s selling public presentation, we suggest some recommendations based on SWOT analysis above and consequences collected from an interview with people who are refering about air hoses market. First, we suggest Jetstar Asia should plan a client driven selling scheme to place its mark market. Its market cleavage includes clients those who normally travel on short draw trips and can non afford mean international tickets. Then the company should construct profitable client relationships based on topics: travelers for leisure, business communities and pupils. Understanding who its clients are, the company will construct client relationship to fulfill their demands. In add-on to this, the consequences from questioning reflect the company s convenience and services are non excessively high, merely over 50 % of respondents think that it is just. In order to capture value from clients and ain client trueness, in its selling schemes, the company needs to construct the right relationship with right clients and make client delectation. The company should beef up clients belief that lower monetary value does non intend bad services. Besides, Jetstar Asia should develop effectual advertisement scheme to consolidate their trade name name through mass media. Furthermore, limited fleet and flight finishs caused limitation in enlargement market place every bit good as pulling mark clients. Therefore, we recommend the company to use competitory schemes. The company should transport out non merely protect its current market portions but besides increase it farther. Books Weiss, J.W. ( 2008 ) Business Ethical motives: A Stakeholder and Issues Management Approach, Cengage Learning, New York. Lelieur, I. ( 2003 ) Law and policy of significant ownership and effectual control of air hoses Prospects for alteration, Ashgate Publishing, Hampshire. Pinson, L.J. ( 2008 ) Anatomy of a concern program: the bit-by-bit usher to constructing a concern and procuring your company hereafter, Out of your mindaˆÂ ¦and into the market place, California. Kotler, P and Amstrong, G ( 2009 ) Principles of Marketing, Pearson, New Jersey. A Elliott, D. , Swartz, E. and Herbane, B ( 2002 ) Business continuity direction: a crisis direction attack, Routledge, London Web sites Abacus ( 2008 ) The Year of the Resourceful A ; Enterprising Rat, accessed September 06, 2009, hypertext transfer protocol: //www.abacus.com.sg BusinessWeek ( 2009 ) Jetstar Airways Pty Ltd, accessed September 06, 2009, hypertext transfer protocol: //investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp? privcapId=10917341 A ; goback=.cps_1247149767187_1 Baoying, Ng. ( 2009 ) Jetstar Asia expands fleet and paths to maintain up with competition, accessed September 06, 2009, hypertext transfer protocol: //www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/singaporebusinessnews/view/450077/1/.html integratedresort ( nd ) Singapore Integrated Resorts, accessed September 06, 2009, hypertext transfer protocol: //integratedresorts.com.sg/ jetstar ( neodymium ) News, accessed September 06, 2009, hypertext transfer protocol: //www.jetstar.com/sg/en/about-us/news.aspx # SinApr16b Asnic ( neodymium ) Singapore history, accessed September 06, 2009, hypertext transfer protocol: //asnic.utexas.edu/asnic/countries/singapore/Singapore-History.html IATA ( 2008 ) IATA Economic briefing-The impact of recession on air traffic volumes, accessed September 07, 2009, hypertext transfer protocol: //www.iata.org/NR/rdonlyres/7E25AD13-E0AD-4166-ABD8-CFA192D51AB4/0/IATA_Economics_Briefing_Impact_of_Recession_Dec08.pdf IATA ( 2009 ) Annual study 2009, accessed September 07, 2009, hypertext transfer protocol: //www.iata.org/nr/rdonlyres/a33bc4b3-431b-4690-be6d-6788900c8ae3/0/iataannualreport2009.pdf Primary Resource Interview We have conducted market research by an interview with clients of Jetstar Asia and non-clients at Changi Airport to happen replies so develop selling scheme for Jetstar Asia. We would be grateful if you could help our group by finishing our questionnaires, which will supply utile information to us. Personal information 1. Sexual activity: a-? Male a-? Female 2. Age scope: a-?18-25 a-? 26-30 a-? 31-40 a-? 41-50 a-? 51-60 3. Occupation: _______________ A. Questionnaires 1. Which air hose with do you normally wing? a-? Mainstream air hoses a-? Budget airlines a-? Never 2. Which budget air hose with do you normally wing? a-? Jetstar Asia a-? Tiger Airways a-? Air Asia a-? Others ____________ 3. What concerns you most when you think of taking the budget air hose? a-? Money a-? Service a-? Convenience a-? Others ____________ 4. Which beginning lead you know Jetstar Asia? a-? Newspapers a-? Internet a-? Friends a-? Others ____________ 5. What is the intent of your trip? a-? Leisure a-? Business a-? Study a-? Others 6. How would you rate Jetstar Asia in footings of service? a-? Poor a-? Fair a-? Good a-? Excellent 7. How would you rate Jetstar Asia in footings of convenience? a-? Poor a-? Fair a-? Good a-? Excellent 8. What do you believe about Jetstar Asia s ticket monetary value comparing to other budget air hoses? a-? High a-? Reasonable a-? Low Thank you really much for taking the clip to reply these inquiries. B. Answers from appraising Question 1: For this inquiry, the consequences show that riders of budget air hoses are lower than that of mainstream air hoses, 27 % compared to 69 % . It means that budget air power s market portion is little. 4 % of the respondents have neer been on plane. Question 2: Reacting this inquiry, outcomes indicate out that Jetstar Asia rank at 3rd place behind Tiger Airways and Air Asia, with 23 % whereas Tiger Airways and Air Asia are 31 % and 42 % severally. 4 % of the replies flew with other air hoses. It should be recommended that Jetstar Asia need more effectual selling scheme to heighten the competitory capacity. Question 3: The consequence illustrate that the most clients concern when they choose budget air hoses is salvaging money, with 69 % of the respondents. Service standards and convenient standards rank the 2nd and the 3rd pick, with 16 % and 13 % severally. 2 % of the replies chose budget air hoses chiefly because attach toing with friends. Question 4: 41 % of the replies show that they knew Jetstar Asia through Internet. Newspapers, Friends and Others are ordered by 27 % , 25 % and 7 % severally. Question 5: For intent of concern, 31 % of the respondents take this consequence. 44 % of the replies show that their trip for leisure. For analyzing intent is 19 % , other intent is 6 % , such as wellness attention, sing old friends. Therefore, Jetstar Asia should concentrate on mark clients who are travelers in order to hike up its gross revenues. Besides it should pay attending to possible client section, including business communities and pupils. Question 6: In term of services, 53 % of respondents explained that they considered Jetstar Asia s services are sensible and acceptable. In contrast, 8 % of interviewees admitted poverty of service. Good standards and first-class standards are appraised by 25 % and 14 % severally. Question 7: Similarly, 51 % of interviewees illustrated that they evaluated convenience is just. 23 % of the replies think that convenience offered by Jetstar Asia is good whilst 15 % of them considered it as first-class. Staying 11 % of respondents are non pleased with Jetstar Asia convenience as they think it is hapless. Question 8: What do you believe about ticket monetary value of Jetstar Asia comparing to other budget air hoses? 64 % of them think that ticket monetary value offered by Jetstar Asia is sensible. 29 % of them believe that is low. Merely 7 % of the replies claim its monetary value is high.

Flashbulb Memories essays

Flashbulb Memories essays About one year ago I remember hearing about some very awful news. My grandmother had died suddenly. In my mind it was impossible that this could happen. No one who was close to me had ever died before. It was even harder to believe because my grandmother had been much more healthy than her husband. She still worked as a babysitter during the days, and that is where she died. She was taking care of a four year old child and had a stroke while sitting in a chair. The little boy just thought she fell asleep. He tried very hard to wake her up, but obviously couldnt. When the paramedics finally came they said she had died the minute it happened. To me the strangest part of my memories of that day is the fact that I dont really remember being told. I think this may be because I didnt believe it. My grandmother had taken care of me many times in my childhood. She lived in the next town over with my grandfather for my whole life. Every holiday she would cook so much food for my entire family, that there would be leftovers (and my family is huge seeing as my last name is ) How could this woman not be ten minutes away anymore? I just couldnt believe my parents and maybe that is why I dont remember being told. The memory that stays with me is the memory of kneeling in front of her open coffin at the wake. I had been to one funeral a long time ago when I was very young and it had been of a relative I did not know very well, so this was my first actual experience in these things. That and the fact that I finally realized everyone was telling me the truth are what I think made this memory so vivid. I can picture her laying there right now. I can even feel the same feelings as I did then. All my denial and confusion were lost, and at that moment there was a huge sense of inevitability and sadness in my mind. Just thinking about looking at her face makes tears spring to my eyes. I reme...

Intellectual Property Rights that Would Best Protect the New Idea Coursework

Intellectual Property Rights that Would Best Protect the New Idea - Coursework Example The term Intellectual property is a legal concept that provides exclusive rights to the owners of the property to insure some ‘intangible ‘ objects that are often over looked or taken for granted. Some of them are works of artistic importance, important scientific discoveries, musical and literary assets and so on. Trade secrets, patent, copyrights, trademarks are such examples. If one has to reason the need for these particular rights one can decipher that the intellectual property rights showers some ‘financial incentives’ to the owners of these exclusive property to create something that could be treasured for years to come. In this regard one could cite reference to the Interflora, Inc. & Anr v Marks & Spencer Plc & Anr for using advertising marks patented without approval as well as the case of Dame Vivienne Westwood O.B.E. v Anthony Edward Knight wherein the claimant Dame V Westwood succeeded to claim compensation for violation trademarks and copyright illegally. Some of the key advantages for the Innovation that Akil have made and then we would analyze it special significance and importance in the light of contributing to Intellectual Property rights. First, Akil has good domain knowledge since he has been working in a watch company for quite some time. This mean that he has a thorough understanding of the mechanics of a watch, how it is manufactured, what are the key components, how are the parts intricate together to make the finished products etc. The second key advantage that Akil has is his passion for a particular sport, running. As an enthusiast in sports himself he could readily understand the needs and requirements of a sportsman and how a new innovative gadget can become a ‘must-have’ accessory that could make his life more enjoyable and simple. Every sportsman especially a runner is time-bound and in order to capture the number of leaps and the time taken, a stop watch is an absolute must. The new scientific innovatio n that Akil proposes to make would be a watch which would accommodate all the functions of a stopwatch in sports. Not only this, the new watch, iRunner would be equipped with a MP3 player too. This would indeed unburden the runner to carry a separate MP3 player while engaged in the sport activity. So over all Akil’s innovative watch; iRunner has a good advantage and appeal in the sports market. In order to understand the relevance and significance of Intellectual property rights protection, one need to know the particular subjects that could be termed as intellectual property. The term usually refers to a subject which is the creation of ‘mind or intellect.’ To understand how and in what ways Akil’s new innovative ‘iRunner’ could possibly find ways to be listed amongst the Intellectual Property one needs to understand the basic concept of Intellectual property protection rights i.e. Patent right. The word patent primarily means some privileged rights that are granted for an innovative scientific innovation that successfully caters to render possibly solutions to some needs by providing some ‘technical solution ‘to a concern. This also means that in order to seek for protection for an innovation under patent rights certain obligations has to be fulfilled as legal requirements. The main protection that IP patent rights provide is to protection the owners of the innovation over a limited period of time which is commonly for a period of 20 years. Thus within that time frame the owners of the Intellectual Property is granted protection which is legally sanctioned. To be protected under patent laws attests that the particular innovation could not be made commercially available that means to be sold or distributed elsewhere without any formal consent of the owners of the Intellectual Property. These rights are, primarily protected and enforced by

Identity in the Indian Ink Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Identity in the Indian Ink - Essay Example The novel teams up with ideas that are fascinating as well as characters that revolve around an English woman who was visiting the subcontinent during the years that were yearning in the British Empire dominance (Davis 33). British and Indian definition of Identity The British people define Indian identity in terms of the behavior and culture the Indians display. For instance, the nude picture is a representation of Indian culture as evidenced by Flora when she says, â€Å"this one is for yourself†¦I’m pleased† (Stoppard 74). The picture is nude to represent Nirad’s tradition as well as a revelation that he had stopped aping the English. However, Nirad meant to please Flora who had always told him to stick up for himself and stop doing everything the English do (Stoppard 43). This causes a cultural clash because Flora wants Nirad to be himself. Nirad wants to impress Flora using his knowledge of English culture and of England. Using oils in painting was Engl ish and not Indian; therefore, Nirad had to make the painting nude in order to be Indian. Thus, the British defined Indian culture based on following Indian roots and keeping away from English culture. Traditionally, Fosters which is a passage to Scotts and India the Raj quarter, the play examines experience in the colonial field by focusing on the relationship between given couples. Throughout the play, Flora’s and Nirad’s relationship changes from being a formal one to being an intimate one. Their relation brings in major points of culture clash and tension too. Identity as displayed by the Characters Identity is given much attention throughout the play, especially as can be traced in different levels but it is clear in the relationship between Flora and Nirad. Stoppard chose an original way of presenting the identity in their relationship because he represents them using the art. In this respect, his idea of â€Å"skill without imagination,† is craftsmanship and offers numerous helpful objects, e.g., wickerwork, picnic, and baskets. Imaginations devoid of skill yield modern art. This is interesting because it reveals his view on the art as well as power of the human imagination, which should interpret and perceive the arts as it was done by the main characters (Kelly 50). The British as well as Indian perceptions during the colonial past are depicted in close parallel with the perceptions of the refashioned post-colonial. The reflection of Stoppard on the Anglo-Indian hybrid identity as well as combined cultures, i.e, Anglo and Indian in nature are traceable in the vastly Anglicized contemporary nature of Anish who opposes Mrs. Swan concerning imperial history topics and articulates the dominance of Indian culture, although he states, â€Å"England is my home now†¦I have spent half my life here" (Stoppard 18). His spouse is an English lady who is a contemporary deconstructive style painter, not like his father. Among the most conf licting viewpoint regarding the Empire’s past start to arise when Anish states, "The first War of Independence" or "The Rising of 1857", which Mrs Swan calls "The Mutiny" ( Stoppard 17). The author offers a similar voice to the two viewpoints as a somewhat heated contest on imperial history follows. An exemplar regarding Mrs Swan’s opinions is, "We were your Romans, you know. ...We might have been your Normans" (Stoppard 17), after which Anish persuasively puts forth his viewpoint.